White-Collar Crime in the Shadow Economy by Petter Gottschalk & Lars Gunnesdal

Author:Petter Gottschalk & Lars Gunnesdal
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

As a measure of this uncertainty , Proba (2013) indicates where expert limits are found in terms of 10 percent likelihood that the fraud fraction is lower or higher. The overall estimate of 5.1 percent is thus what the experts as a panel believe is most likely, with a minimum border of 1.4 percent and a maximum border of 11.3 percent, for fraud. Translated into monetary terms, these percentages suggest that the scope of social security fraud can be anywhere between 2.6 billion NOK and 21.9 billion NOK, see Table 8.1.Table 8.1 Comparison of estimates for white-collar crime and social security fraud

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